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Children's Food . A research team headed by Basir Ahmad from Michigan State University has carried out a series of experiments showing that curcumin ? found in turmeric ? proves to be very effective in preventing ?
See the original post: Turmeric Is Effective against Parkinson's Disease | Children's Food ?
NEW YORK?? A strange sight is accosting visitors at Grand Central Station here this week: a gigantic snake. A life-size model of the 60-million-year-old Titanoboa has taken stage at the train terminal, an advertisement for a new documentary on the Smithsonian Channel.
"That thing would swallow me whole," Grand Central visitor Sarah Bouroque said when she saw the giant snake. "I'd have to run and hide if I saw that thing in real life."
Remains of the ancient Titanoboa snake, which weighed in at a whopping 2,500 pounds (more than 1,100 kilograms) and a length of 48 feet (almost 15 meters), were first found near fossilized plants, giant turtles and crocodiles dating back to the Paleocene Epoch (about 60 million years ago). This was when the world?s first known rain forest emerged, and dinosaurs no longer ruled the Earth.
"It was an actual animal? A real animal? It's huge, that's impressive," visitor Chris Wood said, eyeballing the giant reptile. "It's pretty impressive ? I don?t know what to make of it, really."
The snake is situated on an elevated platform, stuck eternally ingesting an ancient crocodile. It is on display in Grand Central's Vanderbilt Hall, just off the main concourse. [ Photos of Titanoboa in Grand Central ]
Natalie Remor brought her kids to see the giant snake: "Oh, it's great, they love it!" Her son Ian was especially enchanted by the sight. "It's a really, really, really long snake!" he said.
The startling discovery of Titanoboa was made by a team of scientists working in one of the world?s largest open-pit coal mines at Cerrejon in La Guajira, Colombia.
Another visitor, Jason Panaro, said of the giant snake: "It really puts things in perspective to see things like that."
The life-size replica of Titanoboa is going on display at the Smithsonian?s National Museum of Natural History on March 30, but before it gets settled in at its new home in Washington, D.C., the monster snake took a side trip to New York City for a two-day "layover."
On April 1, Smithsonian Channel premieres a new documentary, "Titanoboa: Monster Snake," which takes an in-depth look at the process of discovery and reconstruction of this prehistoric giant snake.
You can follow LiveScience staff writer Jennifer Welsh on Twitter @microbelover. Follow LiveScience for the latest in science news and discoveries on Twitter @livescience and on Facebook.
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New ORNL tool developed to assess global freshwater stressPublic release date: 23-Mar-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Ron Walli wallira@ornl.gov 865-576-0226 DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A new method to make better use of vast amounts of data related to global geography, population and climate may help determine the relative importance of population increases vs. climate change.
While several recent studies suggest that much of the world is likely to experience freshwater shortages as the population increases and temperatures rise, determining the relative impact of each has been difficult. An Oak Ridge National Laboratory paper published in Computers & Geosciences outlines a process that might help.
"Our work establishes a new method to couple geographic information system data with global climate outputs and statistical analysis," said ORNL's Esther Parish, lead author. Using this technique, researchers can now conduct assessments that will provide information critical to policymakers and stakeholders.
"Our tool provides a simple method to integrate disparate climate and population data sources and develop preliminary per capita water availability projections at a global scale," said Parish, a member of the Department of Energy laboratory's Environmental Sciences Division.
Parish and co-authors Evan Kodra, Karsten Steinhaeuser and Auroop Ganguly began working on this approach at ORNL in the summer of 2009. At that time, it was unusual to integrate population, climate and water data into one model. Although just a first step, the toolkit, which has been made freely available, may be further developed for more involved analysis.
While results of the study point to areas potentially vulnerable to water shortages, Parish cautioned that this set of calculations is based on just one set of ensembles from one climate model with static population growth rates applied on a per country basis.
By water stress, researchers are referring to per capita freshwater availability of less than 450,000 gallons per person per year, but the ways society chooses to store and allocate water will determine whether an actual shortage exits. For example, water can be allocated for industry, agriculture or residential use, or any combination of the three.
For this study, the team used ORNL's high-resolution Global LandScan population distribution dataset in combination with population growth projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This allowed them to estimate changes in freshwater demand by 2025, 2050 and 2100. The researchers also used the Community Climate System Model 3 to estimate future freshwater availability during those same time periods. Researchers then combined freshwater supply and demand projections to yield estimates of per capita water availability around the world.
Given the number of variables, the process can quickly become unwieldy.
"Analyzing the interrelationship between human populations and water availability is greatly complicated by the uncertainties associated with climate change projections and population storylines," said Parish, who added that for this exploratory study population growth appears to have a greater impact than temperature.
To test the new tool, Parish and colleagues plugged in four IPCC greenhouse gas emissions scenarios from low to high along with global population projections to arrive at different potential scenarios. None paint a promising picture for freshwater availability.
The study suggests that by 2100, 56 to 75 percent of the world's population could be vulnerable to significant freshwater security threats. In areas like the Great Lakes region, freshwater may be easier to replenish than portions of Florida and the Southwest, but people in most areas of the country will face challenges.
"The worst case combination of per capita freshwater availability indicate that many major U.S. cities may experience some degree of water stress by the year 2100," Parish said.
In addition, the feedback between population shifts and water resources scarcity may exacerbate the situation. Thus, as pointed out in other recent studies, the projected water scarcity in parts of Central and South America may have ramifications for population movement and hence water scarcity in the United States.
"While we have not considered migration as part of this paper, these are precisely the directions we believe require further research," Ganguly said.
The researchers noted that while this paper outlines a proof of concept that lends some preliminary insight to the relative importance of climate change vs. population, output from multiple climate models must be incorporated in future research.
"By investigating multiple models, we may be able to quantify -- or at least qualify -- uncertainty in how different climate change scenarios could affect water availability," Parish said. "Given that population growth is likely to be an even bigger factor in water availability than climate change, it will also be critical to reassess areas of concern with regional- or state-level population growth scenarios."
Ganguly added: "Our understanding of multiple stressors on natural resources as well as dynamically coupled natural and human systems is critical to address emerging concerns like urban sustainability."
###
Kodra and Ganguly, both formerly of ORNL, are employed by Northeastern University while Steinhaeuser, also formerly of ORNL, is employed by the University of Minnesota.
Funding for this project was provided initially by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program and, later, by the National Science Foundation.
UT-Battelle manages ORNL for the Office of Science. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit http://science.energy.gov/
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
New ORNL tool developed to assess global freshwater stressPublic release date: 23-Mar-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Ron Walli wallira@ornl.gov 865-576-0226 DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory
A new method to make better use of vast amounts of data related to global geography, population and climate may help determine the relative importance of population increases vs. climate change.
While several recent studies suggest that much of the world is likely to experience freshwater shortages as the population increases and temperatures rise, determining the relative impact of each has been difficult. An Oak Ridge National Laboratory paper published in Computers & Geosciences outlines a process that might help.
"Our work establishes a new method to couple geographic information system data with global climate outputs and statistical analysis," said ORNL's Esther Parish, lead author. Using this technique, researchers can now conduct assessments that will provide information critical to policymakers and stakeholders.
"Our tool provides a simple method to integrate disparate climate and population data sources and develop preliminary per capita water availability projections at a global scale," said Parish, a member of the Department of Energy laboratory's Environmental Sciences Division.
Parish and co-authors Evan Kodra, Karsten Steinhaeuser and Auroop Ganguly began working on this approach at ORNL in the summer of 2009. At that time, it was unusual to integrate population, climate and water data into one model. Although just a first step, the toolkit, which has been made freely available, may be further developed for more involved analysis.
While results of the study point to areas potentially vulnerable to water shortages, Parish cautioned that this set of calculations is based on just one set of ensembles from one climate model with static population growth rates applied on a per country basis.
By water stress, researchers are referring to per capita freshwater availability of less than 450,000 gallons per person per year, but the ways society chooses to store and allocate water will determine whether an actual shortage exits. For example, water can be allocated for industry, agriculture or residential use, or any combination of the three.
For this study, the team used ORNL's high-resolution Global LandScan population distribution dataset in combination with population growth projections from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. This allowed them to estimate changes in freshwater demand by 2025, 2050 and 2100. The researchers also used the Community Climate System Model 3 to estimate future freshwater availability during those same time periods. Researchers then combined freshwater supply and demand projections to yield estimates of per capita water availability around the world.
Given the number of variables, the process can quickly become unwieldy.
"Analyzing the interrelationship between human populations and water availability is greatly complicated by the uncertainties associated with climate change projections and population storylines," said Parish, who added that for this exploratory study population growth appears to have a greater impact than temperature.
To test the new tool, Parish and colleagues plugged in four IPCC greenhouse gas emissions scenarios from low to high along with global population projections to arrive at different potential scenarios. None paint a promising picture for freshwater availability.
The study suggests that by 2100, 56 to 75 percent of the world's population could be vulnerable to significant freshwater security threats. In areas like the Great Lakes region, freshwater may be easier to replenish than portions of Florida and the Southwest, but people in most areas of the country will face challenges.
"The worst case combination of per capita freshwater availability indicate that many major U.S. cities may experience some degree of water stress by the year 2100," Parish said.
In addition, the feedback between population shifts and water resources scarcity may exacerbate the situation. Thus, as pointed out in other recent studies, the projected water scarcity in parts of Central and South America may have ramifications for population movement and hence water scarcity in the United States.
"While we have not considered migration as part of this paper, these are precisely the directions we believe require further research," Ganguly said.
The researchers noted that while this paper outlines a proof of concept that lends some preliminary insight to the relative importance of climate change vs. population, output from multiple climate models must be incorporated in future research.
"By investigating multiple models, we may be able to quantify -- or at least qualify -- uncertainty in how different climate change scenarios could affect water availability," Parish said. "Given that population growth is likely to be an even bigger factor in water availability than climate change, it will also be critical to reassess areas of concern with regional- or state-level population growth scenarios."
Ganguly added: "Our understanding of multiple stressors on natural resources as well as dynamically coupled natural and human systems is critical to address emerging concerns like urban sustainability."
###
Kodra and Ganguly, both formerly of ORNL, are employed by Northeastern University while Steinhaeuser, also formerly of ORNL, is employed by the University of Minnesota.
Funding for this project was provided initially by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program and, later, by the National Science Foundation.
UT-Battelle manages ORNL for the Office of Science. The Office of Science is the single largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit http://science.energy.gov/
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
BEIJING (AP) ? Business jet maker Cessna Aircraft Co. signed agreements Friday with Chinese partners to build business jets in China and explore other aviation opportunities.
The Kansas-based company is joining with state-owned Aviation Industry Corp. of China and the municipal government of Chengdu in western China, where the three plan a joint venture to produce midsize Cessna business jets and possibly new models in the future.
China is seen as the most promising major market for the aviation industry.
Scott Donnelly, chief executive officer of Cessna's owner Textron Inc., said he expected significant growth in China because of its growing economy and diverse geography.
So far, China's private jet market has been dominated by Bombardier and Gulfstream, which make larger jets than Cessna's small and medium-sized aircraft.
Cessna officials on Friday said there are about 200 Cessna aircraft in China.
Donnelly declined to comment on Cessna's projections for the Chinese market, only saying he expected "very, very robust" growth.
The signing between AVIC and Cessna comes two days after Bombardier signed an agreement with state-owned Commercial Aircraft Corp. of China to collaborate on common parts for their aircraft.
Author: Simon White | Total views: 98 Comments: 0 Word Count: 908 Date:
Taking the kids out on a sailing trip with you is more than just showing them the ropes. You will need to make sure you keep them safe and entertained. Taking the kids out should not be a chore, but a fun, family day out.
The two main goals should obviously be to keep the kids safe, and keep them happy. Anyone who has had children will probably agree that if they are happy, you are happy.
Here are a few ideas which may help when planning a boating holiday with the kids.
Safety
The wearing of life jackets should be mandatory when on deck at any time (even when moored up). If you wear yours with pride, they won't feel different and singled out. It is best if the children have their own life jackets which fit well and that they like wearing.
Life jackets should always be worn when travelling in the tender. Life lines should also be attached if you have toddlers on board who are unsteady.
Netting can be strung round the boat to improve safety but it must not be relied on too heavily.
An extra adult on board is useful to keep and eye on adventurous toddlers especially when mooring up, coming in and out of harbour, or performing a tricky manoeuvre. Teach them simple rules such as - one hand for you and one for the boat - no running or jumping.
Watch the sun and the wind and protect them with hats, strong sun cream and light cover ups.Remember that on the water the effects will be much greater than on land, especially on delicate skin.
Have a good quantity of wet wipes, mosquito spray and antihistamine cream with you especially when you go ashore.
Make sure they have sensible non-slip shoes.
Get them familiar with the boat before you set off, but don't bombard them with science and a list of rules. Introduce them gently in an interesting way.
Do make them aware of any dangers, but beware of practical demonstrations. I had a boom dropped on my head by a well meaning skipper.
Teach them how to behave on a pontoon and in a dinghy, especially getting in and out.
Remind children that the skipper's command must be obeyed immediately, whether they are a parent or not.
A good knowledge of water safety is a useful tool to work on before they start their holiday, as well as an idea of how to behave on a boat.
Remind them that although water is fun, it is also dangerous and usually very cold.
For older children, a sailing course before their holiday could be beneficial. There are courses specifically aimed at children.
Practice "man overboard" drill, so that both the adult crew members and the children are confident that they can be picked up if the worst happens.
Peace of mind
Try to organise the days so that you and your partner or spouse take equal responsibility in the child minding (as much as is possible) so that one person is not "stuck down below" with the kids for the majority of the time.
Often the boats motion is soporific and will encourage young children to sleep. But remember if they sleep a lot during the day, they may be reluctant to settle down at night.
Give them their own bit of space on the boat and take favourite toys, games, colouring books, DVDs, play stations etc. to keep them occupied.
Take plenty of non-spill drinks and snacks with you.
Teach them how to use things properly, such as the toilets. "Don't put anything in the toilet you haven't eaten first".
Give them simple tasks so they feel they are part of the crew.
Don't be too ambitious about passage plans and try to stop at lunchtime to break up the day.
Do plenty of interesting things like swimming, picnics, going ashore.
Let young children pretend to steer the boat, sitting on Mum or Dad's knee, in calm conditions. Older children can be given simple tasks like steering the boat towards a point on the horizon, or staying on a compass setting, spotting buoys, tending the dinghy, making entries in the log, practicing knots.
They could be encouraged to write their own ship's log, not with things like wind speed and compass heading, but including interesting things they have seen or done each day.
Older children will probably be interested in some aspects of how a boat works. Try to find some areas that they are interested in and find the time for explanations and demonstrations.
Alright - I know that a lot of items on this list are common sense, but nevertheless they might be worth thinking about, especially if you are new to boating or haven't taken children with you before. Just remember, the children should be adding to the experience, not getting in the way. So if you find that the latter is the case, maybe you should wait until they are a bit older. Good luck and happy boating!
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Related to: boats - Yachts - sailing - boating - sailing advice
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